Image may be NSFW.
Clik here to view.
Blood tests are used to confirm diagnosis of diabetes types 1 and 2 and prediabetes because early in the disease type 2 diabetes may have no symptoms. Testing enables health care providers to find and treat diabetes before complications occur, which can delay or prevent type 2 diabetes from developing. Any one of the following tests can be used for diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes, not all are recommended for diagnosing all types:
- A1C test, also called the hemoglobin A1c, HbA1c, or glycosylated hemoglobin test
- Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test
- Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
Another blood test, the random plasma glucose (RPG) test, is sometimes used to diagnose diabetes during a regular health checkup. If the RPG measures 200 micrograms per deciliter or above, and the individual also shows symptoms of diabetes, then a health care provider may diagnose diabetes. Blood test levels for diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes are outlined below.
| A1C test (percent) | Fasting Plasma Glucose test (mg/dL) | Oral Glucose Tolerance test (mg/dL) | |
| Diabetes | 6.5 or above | 126 or above | 200 or above |
| Prediabetes | 5.7 to 6.4 | 100 to 125 | 140 to 199 |
| Normal | About 5 | 99 or below | 139 or below |
Comparison of tests and diagnosis for diabetes type 1 and diabetes type 2
| Diabetes type 1 | Diabetes type 2 | |
| Possible cause factors |
|
|
| Commonly afflicted groups (but not exclusive to) |
|
|
| Prone ethnic groups |
|
|
| Prevalence |
|
|
| Affected age group |
|
|
| Test |
|
|
Treatment and prevention of diabetes type 1 and type 2 Below are a list of the current methods used to treat diabetes type 1 and type 2.
| Diabetes type 1 | Diabetes type 2 | |
| Cure | None | There is no cure for type 2 diabetes, although sometimes gastric surgery, lifestyle and medication treatment can result in remission. Physical exercise, healthy loss of weight and diet control is advised |
| Treatment |
|
|
| Prevention |
|
|
__
Dr. Rajiv Kovil
Consultant Diabetologist, Dr. Kovil’s Diabetes Care Centre
Dr. Rajiv Kovil is a Consultant Diabetologist at Dr. Kovil’s Diabetes Care Centre, the first Preventive Diabetes Centre & Diabetic Foot Clinic in Mumbai, KLS Memorial Hospital and Holy Spirit Hospital among others. He is a founder member of United Diabetes Forum, a forum of practising diabetologists in India. He has also written various articles on diabetes for medical journals such as Asian Journal of Diabetology and Medical Image. His Preventive Diabetes Centre & Diabetic Foot Clinic is an initiative to provide preventive diabetic measures as well as to function as a specialized Foot Clinic for diabetic patients not only in terms of equipment but more importantly in terms of expertise.
You may also like reading: